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3Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model) J. A. GILIILLAN.

3 M 0 0 L R 0 F M S I N A H G M P n 0- .m E L Patented Mar. 2, 1897.

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(N0 L) I v Q 3Sheets-Sheet 2. J. A. GILFILLAN.

LET-OFF MECHANISMFOR LOOMS. No. 577,981. I Patented Mar. 2, 1897.

3 N A L L I P Lv I G L (No-Modem LET-OFF MBCHANISMTOR LOOMS.

Patented Marl2,1897.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES A. GILFILLAN, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE PEERLESS PLUSH MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

LET-OFF MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 577,981, dated March 2, 1897.

Application filed March 23, 1896. Serial No. 584,548. (No model.)

T0 or whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES A. GILFILLAN, of the city of Paterson, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Let- Oft' Mechanism for Looms for Weaving Figured Pile Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a means for controlling and regulating the supply of fiber or pile-warp to form the pile in a figured pile fabric according to the figure or pattern requiring it, so that only the amount of pile-warp determined on is supplied at a time, and only the desired pile warp-threads are let off, and the others remain at rest on their respective beams or bobbins until the time arrives for their discharge.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed, and shown in the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application.

In the drawings, in which similar letters of reference indicate like parts, Figure 1 is a side View of loom,showing my improved let-oft and method of operating the same by means of the jacquard, the loom being constructed to weave a double cloth, there being two sets of groundwarp and the pile-warp, as in other cases. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of part of let-01f mechanism in elevation. Fig. 4 is a view of portion of same, part sectional in plan.

In the drawings, A is the loom-frame; B, the batten; O, the swords; D, the rocking lever. E is a gear-wheel for actuating the lever D; F, wheel for driving the cards by rods F F Two jacquards are shownviz., G and H. The former operates the let-off mechanism and the latter the harness of ground-warps.

The jacquard Gr is provided with the needles G, to which are attached at the eyes G cords X, which operate the let-off ratchet-levers h, the cords X passing over the rollers G. A guide-board K is secured to supports or brackets K on the frame L. On the frame L are arranged any desired number or series of groups of tension-rollers b, c, and 01, the rollers b and 0 being provided with the spindles awl 71?, adapted to engage the teeth of the P ratchet-plate n, is provided for each of the rollers c in the various groups of tension-rollers, and is adapted to operate the same. Secured to the frame L above each ratchet-plate n is a stop-pawl f to engage the teeth of said ratchet. The cords X are secured to the needles G and pass over the rollers G through the guide-board K, to the series of levers h and operate the tension-rollers b, c, and d, and thus control and regulate the delivery of the pile-warps from the bobbins on the bobbin-frame N to the loom. The frame N is provided with grooves N for the spindles a of the bobbins on the frame N.

Upper and lower body-warp rollers P and R are mounted in suitable brackets P and R, which are secured to the frame A.

The body-warps and pile-warps all pass through the collecting-reed S.

The harness and heddles are indicated by T and T.

Ends of cords X are attached to ratchet-1e "ers h in one of the notches h. A pawl 77/ secured to lever h, works the ratchet n, and a stop-pawl f stops it as required. The plateratchet n is suitably secured to the roller 0.

Z is a roller for the cloth; Z, velvet warp. Z is same back of reed.

Z is the body-warp, Z the woven cloth, and Z the raised figures.

On the bobbin-frame N are arranged any desired number of spools a for velvet warp, each spool having a spindle a. A pin a is secured to frame, to which is attached a dragstrap a and a weight a in the ordinary manner.

On the roller-frame L are arranged a series of rollers b, c, and d, the tension-roller I) having a spindle b, the working tension-roller 0 also having a spindle c, the loose roller (1 being provided with a covering of emery or sand paper. If desired, all of the rollers 12, c, and cl may have the same covering.

The velvet warp passes in the operation of my device from a series of bobbins on the frame N to the series of friction-rollers b 0 cl 011 frame L, going under the roller Z), over d, and under 0, and from thence to the reed S and to the loom to be woven in with the upper and lower warps which pass from the rollers P and B, respectively, and filling, in the ordinary way, the double cloth being cut by a knife, as is usual in the weaving of such goods. To each bobbin a on frame N there is a corresponding series of three rollers b and c and d on the frame L. 011 the roller 0 of each of the series is secured the plate-ratchet n, which is manipulated by the working pawl 72, and the stop-pawl f and'the lever h. The levers h are connected to the needles G by the cords X, and the jacquard thus operates the levers. It is thus obvious that any desired number of velvet or pile warp-threads or any set of said warpthreads maybe controlled for the purpose of working out the figure in pile or terry fabrics. The levers, pawls, and ratchets may be so manipulated as to cause a certain amount of pile-warp to be delivered to the .loom, in fact any amount desired of any portion or set of the warp-threads that form the pile, thus securing an even and uniform pile.

The operation of my device is as follows: The frame N being filled with bobbins containing velvet warp, the warp is passed from each bobbin to its respective group of three tension-rollers, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the velvet warp Z passing under the tension-roller Z), over the loose tension-roller cl, and under the tension-roller c, to the reed S, to the heddles T, the upper body-warp passing from the roller P and the lower bodywarp from the roller B through the said reed S. The jacquard H operates the harness T and the jacquard G operates the let-off mechanism, the cords X being connected with the needles, and a series of levers h operate the tension-rollers b, c, and d as and when called for and regulated by the pattern, so that each individual pile-warp or any group of warps is controlled independently of the others by an independent device consisting of the tension-rollers operated by means of the needles of the jacquard and the cords connecting the same to the levers which operate the tensionrollers. Hitherto, as I am aware, devices have been used to regulate the delivery of the pilewarp in making this class of goods, but said devices have not controlled certain pile-warps of the whole body of warp, nor have they controlled each pile warp-thread independently of the other, but have controlled the whole body of the pile-warp. On account of the lack of space it would be impossible to arrange devices hitherto used so as to control separately the individual threads in a body of warp independently of the others, and as such an object was desirable to be accomplished on account of its usefulness in securing an even pile my device was invented by me in order to accomplish that object and to overcome the obstacles which prevented its accomplishment by the devices known.

\Vith this description of myinvention,what I claim as new, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is

1. In a loom for weaving figured double-pile fabrics, the combination with the bobbinboard containing the pile-warp, an intermediate frame, of a series of tension-rollers b c and d mounted on said intermediate frame, (the last named being a loose roller) a group of three tension-rollers being provided for each spool of pile-warp on the bobbin-board, and adapted to permit the pile-warp to pass from said spool through its respective set of tension-rollers and from them to the loom, a

ratchet-plate secured to one end of each of the tension-rollers c, a lever provided with a working pawl adapted to engage each of said ratchet-plates, a stop-pawl for each of said ratchet-plates, a jacquard on said loom,means for operating it, the needles of the jacquard,

and cords connecting the needles of said jacquard with the series of levers on said intermediate frame, substantially as shown and for the purposes specified.

2. In a loom for weaving figured doublepile fabrics the combination with the jacquard provided with needles, and means for operating it, of a series of tension-rollers, b, c, and d mounted on a suitable frame so as to permit the pile-warp from each bobbin or from any desired group of bobbins to pass between its respective set of rollers on its way to the loom, the rollers d being loose and resting on the rollers b and c in the various groups of three, a ratchet-wheel secured to one end of the roller 0 in each of said groups of tensionrollers, a lever provided with a working pawl secured to the tension-roller frame to operate each group of tension-rollers, and a stop-pawl adapted to engage each of said ratchets, cords connecting said levers with the needles of the jacquard, guides for said cords, the operation of the jacquard causing said levers and pawls or any desired number of them to revolve the required number of rollers, each pile-warp or any desired group of pile-warps having aseparate and independent controlling device, substantially as shown and described.

3. In a Jacquard loom for weaving figured double-pile fabrics, the combination with the needles of the jacquard of a series of tensionrollers 12 e and cl mounted on a suitable frame in groups of three, the rollers c in each group being provided at one end with a ratchetplate, a lever for each series or group of rollers, cords connecting said levers with the needles of the jacquard, a working pawl secured to each lever to operate said ratchet-plates, stop-pawls to engage the same, each set of rollers being adapted to control the delivery of one or more warp-threads to the loom as required by the pattern being woven and means for operating the whole, substantially as shown and for the purposes specified.

4:. The needles of a Jacquard machine in combination with tension-rollers in groups of three mounted on a suitable frame, a lever for each group secured to said frame, cords connecting said levers and needles, one of the rollers in each group being provided with a ratchet-plate, a pawl secured to each lever to operate said ratchet, a stop-pawl to engage the same, and means for operating the jacquardneedles, substantially as shown and described and for the purposes specified.

5. The combination with a series of groups of tension-rollers b c and d mounted on suitable frame so as to permit the pile-warp to pass between or to be held by the rollers of said groups as said warps come from the bobbins to the reed on loom, the roller 0 in each group being provided with a ratchet-wheel on one end, for each group, of a lever provided with a pawl to operate the said ratchet, needles for Working the pattern and cords connectin g the lever of each group of rollers with its respective needle to control each warpthread independently of the others, a J acquard machine and means for operating it, substantially as shown and described.

JAMES A. GILFILLAN. Witnesses:

WM. M. DREW, An. MORRISON. 

